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The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument flies on the
NOAA Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) and the European
MetOp Satellites. AVHRR is used to image a large variety of Earth phenomena,
including vegetation, clouds, dust, snow, ice, fire, and surface temperature.
Sea surface temperature (SST) is generated in near real-time using AVHRR's
infrared channels by NOAA/NESDIS from High Resolution Picture Transmission
(HRPT) overpasses (1.1 km at nadir) using Seaspace's TeraScan software and
NOAA's multi-channel regression algorithm (Li et al., 2001a & 2001b). With
the various satellite instances, overpasses occur at roughly 1:30am,
9:30am, 1:30pm, 9:30pm (local time) per day.
The individual daytime and nighttime SST scenes from each operational POES
and MetOp satellite are composited by NOAA CoastWatch into daily combined
day-night mean grids for the U.S. east coast (at approximately 1.25 km).
The daily gridded scenes are then composited into 3-day, 7-day, monthly,
seasonal and annual average grids.
IMPORTANT:
This dataset was discontinued June 30, 2024, due to the availability of
more improved SST datasets. However, the time series is still available and
spans January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2024. See the FTP link below to access these
data.
Data users may opt to use a newer SST data set
AVHRR-VIIRS Multi-sensor Composite SST,
which features improved algorithms and a slightly finer spatial resolution,
among several other
dataset differences.
References:
Li, X., W. Pichel, E. Maturi, P. Clemente-Colon, J. Sapper. 2001. Deriving the
operational nonlinear multichannel sea surface temperature algorithm
coefficients for NOAA-15 AVHRR/3, International Journal of Remote Sensing,
vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 699-704.
Li., X., W. Pichel, P. Clemente-Colon, V. Krasnopolsky, J. Sapper. 2001.
Validation of coastal sea and lake surface temperature measurements derived
from NOAA/AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, vol. 22, no. 7,
pp. 1285-1303.
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